What To Know
- Growing alfalfa for deer is a rewarding endeavor that provides a nutritious food source for wildlife and improves the health of your land.
- The amount of alfalfa you need to plant depends on the size of your property and the number of deer you expect to attract.
- However, it’s important to note that alfalfa can spread aggressively, so it’s best to keep it contained in a designated area.
Deer thrive on the nutritious, protein-rich forage that alfalfa provides. If you’re looking to attract deer to your property, growing alfalfa is an excellent choice. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to grow alfalfa for deer:
Site Selection and Preparation
- Sunlight: Alfalfa requires at least six hours of sunlight per day. Choose a well-drained area with full sun exposure.
- Soil: Alfalfa prefers well-drained, loamy soil with a pH between 6.5 and 7.5. If your soil is acidic, you may need to add lime to raise the pH.
- Drainage: Alfalfa is intolerant to wet soil. Make sure the planting site has good drainage to prevent root rot.
Seeding
- Time: The best time to plant alfalfa for deer is in the fall or early spring.
- Method: Broadcast or drill the seeds at a rate of 20-25 pounds per acre. Cover the seeds lightly with soil.
- Inoculation: Alfalfa seeds should be inoculated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria before planting. This will help the plants establish and thrive.
Fertilization
- Nitrogen: Alfalfa typically does not require additional nitrogen fertilization. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form.
- Phosphorus and Potassium: Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers according to soil test recommendations.
Irrigation
- Water: Alfalfa requires regular watering, especially during the establishment phase. Water deeply and infrequently to encourage deep root growth.
- Avoid Overwatering: Overwatering can lead to root rot and other problems.
Weed Control
- Prevention: Use a pre-emergent herbicide to prevent weeds from establishing.
- Mechanical Control: Mow or cultivate weeds to control them.
- Selective Herbicides: Use selective herbicides to target specific weeds without harming alfalfa.
Pest and Disease Management
- Pests: Alfalfa weevils and aphids are common pests. Monitor plants for signs of infestation and treat with appropriate insecticides if necessary.
- Diseases: Alfalfa is susceptible to several diseases, including bacterial wilt and root rot. Practice good sanitation and crop rotation to prevent disease outbreaks.
Harvest
- Timing: Alfalfa can be harvested multiple times per year. The first harvest should occur when the plants reach 10-12 inches in height.
- Method: Cut the alfalfa with a mower or sickle bar. Leave a 2-3 inch stubble to encourage regrowth.
Wrap-Up: A Bountiful Harvest for Deer and Landowners
Growing alfalfa for deer is a rewarding endeavor that provides a nutritious food source for wildlife and improves the health of your land. By following these guidelines, you can establish and maintain a thriving alfalfa stand that will attract deer and enhance your property’s ecosystem.
Common Questions and Answers
Q: How much alfalfa do I need to plant for deer?
A: The amount of alfalfa you need to plant depends on the size of your property and the number of deer you expect to attract. As a general rule, aim for 1 acre of alfalfa for every 10-15 deer.
Q: Can I grow alfalfa in my backyard?
A: Yes, you can grow alfalfa in your backyard if you have enough space and sunlight. However, it’s important to note that alfalfa can spread aggressively, so it’s best to keep it contained in a designated area.
Q: How long does it take for alfalfa to establish?
A: Alfalfa takes about 3-4 months to establish. During this time, it’s important to keep the area weed-free and water the plants regularly.
