What To Know
- While they may not be the first crop that comes to mind when thinking of Wisconsin, with proper care and attention, it’s entirely possible to cultivate these delicious melons in the Badger State.
- Use a fertilizer with a higher nitrogen content during the early stages of growth and switch to a fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium during fruit development.
- To prevent the fruits from rotting on the ground, provide support by trellising or placing a layer of straw or black plastic beneath them.
Watermelons, with their sweet, juicy flesh and refreshing flavor, are a beloved summertime treat. While they may not be the first crop that comes to mind when thinking of Wisconsin, with proper care and attention, it’s entirely possible to cultivate these delicious melons in the Badger State. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate the ins and outs of watermelon growing in Wisconsin:
Site Selection and Soil Preparation
Watermelons thrive in well-drained, sandy or loamy soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5. Choose a sunny location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. Avoid areas prone to waterlogging or poor drainage.
To prepare the soil, amend it with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. A soil test can provide insights into any nutrient deficiencies that need to be addressed.
Variety Selection
Wisconsin’s climate is suited for growing short-season watermelon varieties that mature in 80-90 days. Some recommended varieties include:
- Sugar Baby: A compact, early-maturing variety with small, sweet fruits.
- Crimson Sweet: A popular variety known for its large, juicy melons.
- Jubilee: A seedless variety with a crisp, flavorful flesh.
Planting
Watermelon seeds should be planted directly in the garden after the last spring frost, when soil temperatures have reached 70°F (21°C). Plant the seeds 1 inch deep and 2-3 feet apart in rows spaced 6-8 feet apart.
Watering
Watermelons have a high water requirement, especially during fruit development. Water deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Fertilize watermelon plants every 3-4 weeks with a balanced fertilizer. Use a fertilizer with a higher nitrogen content during the early stages of growth and switch to a fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium during fruit development.
Support and Mulching
To prevent the fruits from rotting on the ground, provide support by trellising or placing a layer of straw or black plastic beneath them. Mulching also helps retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Pest and Disease Management
Watermelons can be susceptible to pests and diseases, including aphids, cucumber beetles, and powdery mildew. Practice crop rotation, use resistant varieties, and apply organic or chemical treatments as necessary to control these problems.
Harvesting
Watermelons are ready for harvest when the tendril opposite the fruit turns brown and the fruit has a hollow sound when tapped. Cut the melons from the vine with a sharp knife, leaving a short stem.
Storing
Store watermelons in a cool, dark place with good ventilation. They can be kept for up to two weeks under these conditions.
Additional Tips
- Start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the last spring frost to extend the growing season.
- Provide a protective row cover during cool nights to protect young plants from frost.
- Hand-pollinate watermelon flowers if necessary by transferring pollen from the male to the female flowers using a small brush or cotton swab.
- Remove any deformed or diseased fruits to prevent the spread of problems.
Final Thoughts: A Sweet Reward
Growing watermelons in Wisconsin is not without its challenges, but with proper planning and care, it’s possible to enjoy the sweet rewards of homegrown melons. By following these guidelines, you can ensure a successful watermelon harvest and savor the delicious fruits of your labor.
Frequently Discussed Topics
Q: What is the best time to plant watermelon seeds in Wisconsin?
A: Plant watermelon seeds directly in the garden after the last spring frost, when soil temperatures have reached 70°F (21°C).
Q: How often should I water watermelon plants?
A: Water deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
Q: What are some common pests and diseases that affect watermelon plants?
A: Watermelons can be susceptible to aphids, cucumber beetles, and powdery mildew. Practice crop rotation, use resistant varieties, and apply organic or chemical treatments as necessary to control these problems.
Q: How can I tell if a watermelon is ripe?
A: Watermelons are ready for harvest when the tendril opposite the fruit turns brown and the fruit has a hollow sound when tapped.
Q: How long can I store watermelons?
A: Store watermelons in a cool, dark place with good ventilation. They can be kept for up to two weeks under these conditions.
