What To Know
- This comprehensive guide will provide you with the knowledge and techniques to successfully make your kiwi plant flower, ensuring a bountiful harvest of this delicious fruit.
- Once your kiwi plant has flowered and fruited, you can harvest the ripe fruit in late summer or early fall.
- Kiwi fruit can be stored in a cool, dark place for several months.
Kiwi plants, with their luscious emerald flesh and tangy flavor, are a delightful addition to any home garden. However, getting these subtropical vines to bloom can be a challenge. This comprehensive guide will provide you with the knowledge and techniques to successfully make your kiwi plant flower, ensuring a bountiful harvest of this delicious fruit.
Understanding the Kiwi Plant’s Flowering Cycle
Kiwi plants are dioecious, meaning that there are separate male and female plants. Both types of plants must be present for pollination and fruit production. Typically, only female plants produce fruit, while male plants provide the necessary pollen for fertilization.
Choosing the Right Varieties
Selecting compatible kiwi varieties is crucial for successful flowering. Some popular varieties include:
- Female: ‘Hayward’, ‘Zespri Gold’, ‘Bruno’
- Male: ‘Tomuri’, ‘Matua’, ‘Chieftain’
Planting and Trellising
Kiwi plants require well-drained soil, full sun, and a sturdy trellis to support their vigorous growth. Plant the vines 10-15 feet apart and train them onto the trellis using a fan-shaped system.
Fertilizing and Watering
Fertilize kiwi plants regularly during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer. Water deeply and frequently, especially during hot, dry weather.
Pruning for Flower Production
Pruning is essential for stimulating flower production in kiwi plants.
- Summer Pruning: In early summer, remove any suckers or weak branches that are not bearing fruit.
- Winter Pruning: During dormancy, prune back the previous year’s fruiting canes to encourage new growth and flowering.
Enhancing Pollination
To ensure adequate pollination, plant multiple kiwi varieties nearby and attract pollinators such as bees and birds. Consider hand-pollinating the flowers with a soft brush if necessary.
Factors Affecting Flowering
Several factors can affect flowering in kiwi plants:
- Age: Kiwi plants typically start flowering after 3-5 years.
- Sunlight: Kiwi plants require at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
- Temperature: Kiwi plants prefer warm temperatures during the growing season.
- Water Stress: Water stress can inhibit flowering.
- Nutrient Deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, can also affect flowering.
Troubleshooting Flowering Problems
If your kiwi plant is not flowering, consider the following:
- Lack of a Male Plant: Ensure that there is a compatible male kiwi plant nearby.
- Improper Pruning: Prune the plant according to the recommended guidelines.
- Water Stress: Water the plant deeply and regularly.
- Nutrient Deficiencies: Fertilize the plant regularly with a balanced fertilizer.
- Pests or Diseases: Inspect the plant for pests or diseases that may be affecting its health.
Harvesting and Enjoying Your Kiwi Harvest
Once your kiwi plant has flowered and fruited, you can harvest the ripe fruit in late summer or early fall. Kiwi fruit can be stored in a cool, dark place for several months.
Answers to Your Questions
Q: Can I grow kiwi plants in containers?
A: Yes, you can grow kiwi plants in containers, but they will need to be larger than those used for other plants.
Q: How long does it take for a kiwi plant to bear fruit?
A: Kiwi plants typically start bearing fruit after 3-5 years.
Q: Why are my kiwi flowers dropping off?
A: Flower drop can be caused by poor pollination, water stress, or nutrient deficiencies.
Q: How do I overwinter kiwi plants in cold climates?
A: Protect kiwi plants from freezing temperatures by wrapping them in burlap or straw.
Q: Can I eat the skin of kiwi fruit?
A: Yes, the skin of kiwi fruit is edible and contains nutrients.
