What To Know
- By training the branches of the tree to grow flat against a wall or fence, you can create a living work of art that will produce delicious fruit for years to come.
- With a little care and attention, you can create a beautiful and productive living work of art that will provide you with delicious fruit for years to come.
- The amount of water you need to give the tree will depend on the size of the tree and the weather conditions.
Espalier apple trees are a beautiful and space-saving way to grow fruit in your garden. By training the branches of the tree to grow flat against a wall or fence, you can create a living work of art that will produce delicious fruit for years to come.
If you’re thinking about planting an espalier apple tree, here’s everything you need to know.
Choosing the Right Variety
Not all apple varieties are suitable for espalier. Choose a variety that is vigorous and has a naturally upright growth habit. Some good choices include:
- ‘Cox’s Orange Pippin’
- ‘Golden Delicious’
- ‘Granny Smith’
- ‘Red Delicious’
- ‘Spartan’
Preparing the Site
The best time to plant an espalier apple tree is in the spring or fall. Choose a site that receives full sun and has well-drained soil.
Before planting, dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball of the tree and just as deep. Amend the soil with compost or manure to improve drainage and fertility.
Planting the Tree
Place the tree in the hole and backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the tree deeply and mulch around the base with organic matter.
Training the Branches
Once the tree is planted, it’s time to start training the branches. The goal is to create a flat, fan-shaped structure with the branches evenly spaced along the wall or fence.
To do this, you’ll need to prune the branches regularly. In the first year, prune the branches back to about 6 inches from the main trunk. In subsequent years, prune the branches back to about 12 inches from the main trunk.
As the branches grow, you’ll need to tie them to the wall or fence using wire or twine. Make sure to keep the branches evenly spaced and to avoid overcrowding.
Pruning and Maintenance
Once the tree is established, it will need regular pruning and maintenance to keep it healthy and productive.
Prune the tree in the late winter or early spring, before the buds begin to swell. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches. You should also prune any branches that are growing too vigorously or that are not in line with the desired shape of the tree.
Fertilize the tree in the spring and fall with a balanced fertilizer. Water the tree regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
Harvesting
Espalier apple trees typically begin to bear fruit within 3-5 years of planting. When the fruit is ripe, it will be a deep red color and will easily come off the tree when you gently twist it.
Harvest the fruit and store it in a cool, dark place. Espalier apples will keep for several months.
Troubleshooting
Here are some common problems that you may encounter when growing espalier apple trees:
- Pests and diseases: Espalier apple trees are susceptible to the same pests and diseases as other apple trees. Treat pests and diseases promptly with organic or chemical controls.
- Overcrowding: If the branches of the tree become overcrowded, they can become diseased or unproductive. Thin out the branches regularly to prevent overcrowding.
- Winter damage: Espalier apple trees can be damaged by cold winter temperatures. Protect the tree by wrapping it in burlap or other protective material.
Summary
Planting and training an espalier apple tree is a rewarding experience. With a little care and attention, you can create a beautiful and productive living work of art that will provide you with delicious fruit for years to come.
Quick Answers to Your FAQs
Q: How often should I water my espalier apple tree?
A: Water the tree regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. The amount of water you need to give the tree will depend on the size of the tree and the weather conditions.
Q: How often should I fertilize my espalier apple tree?
A: Fertilize the tree in the spring and fall with a balanced fertilizer.
Q: How long will it take for my espalier apple tree to bear fruit?
A: Espalier apple trees typically begin to bear fruit within 3-5 years of planting.
