What To Know
- Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you plant and grow beautiful sunflowers in your own backyard.
- Cut the seed head off the plant and allow it to dry in a warm, dry place.
- Can I plant sunflower seeds directly in the ground.
Sunflowers, with their towering heights and vibrant blooms, are a beloved addition to any garden. Growing sunflowers from seed is a rewarding experience that can bring joy to gardeners of all levels. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you plant and grow beautiful sunflowers in your own backyard:
Choosing the Right Sunflower Seeds
The first step in planting sunflowers is selecting the right seeds. Consider the following factors:
- Height: Sunflowers can range in height from dwarf varieties under 3 feet to towering giants over 10 feet.
- Bloom size: Sunflower heads can vary in diameter from 6 inches to over 12 inches.
- Color: Sunflowers come in a wide range of colors, including yellow, orange, red, and purple.
- Type: There are two main types of sunflowers: single-headed and multi-headed. Single-headed sunflowers produce one large bloom, while multi-headed sunflowers produce multiple smaller blooms.
Preparing the Soil
Sunflowers prefer well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Amend your soil with compost or manure to improve its fertility and drainage. The soil should have a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
Planting the Seeds
Step 1: Timing
Plant sunflower seeds outdoors after the last frost date in your area. Sunflowers do not tolerate cold temperatures.
Step 2: Spacing
Space sunflower seeds 6-12 inches apart, depending on the variety. Taller varieties may require more spacing.
Step 3: Planting Depth
Plant sunflower seeds 1-2 inches deep in the soil. Cover them with soil and gently firm it around the seeds.
Watering and Fertilizing
Watering:
Sunflowers have deep root systems and can tolerate some drought. Water them deeply once a week, especially during hot, dry weather.
Fertilizing:
Fertilize sunflowers with a balanced fertilizer once or twice during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to tall, weak plants.
Support
As sunflowers grow, they may need support to prevent them from toppling over. Stake tall varieties or provide a trellis for them to climb.
Deadheading
Deadheading spent sunflower blooms encourages the plant to produce more flowers. Remove faded blooms by cutting the stem back to the main stalk.
Harvesting
Sunflowers are ready to harvest when the back of the seed head turns brown and the seeds are plump. Cut the seed head off the plant and allow it to dry in a warm, dry place.
Common Problems
Birds:
Birds love sunflower seeds. Protect your plants by covering them with netting or using bird repellent.
Aphids:
Aphids are small insects that can infest sunflower plants. Control them with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Powdery mildew:
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that can affect sunflower plants. Prevent it by providing good air circulation and watering the plants at the base.
FAQ
Q: Can I plant sunflower seeds directly in the ground?
A: Yes, sunflower seeds can be planted directly in the ground.
Q: How long does it take for sunflower seeds to germinate?
A: Sunflower seeds typically germinate within 10-14 days.
Q: How often should I water sunflowers?
A: Water sunflowers deeply once a week, especially during hot, dry weather.
Q: Can I grow sunflowers in containers?
A: Yes, you can grow sunflowers in containers, but choose a variety that is suitable for container gardening.
Q: How tall do sunflowers grow?
A: Sunflowers can grow anywhere from 3 feet to over 10 feet tall, depending on the variety.
