What To Know
- Using a spade or trowel, carefully dig around the iris plant to loosen the soil and expose the rhizomes.
- Using a sharp knife, divide the rhizomes into smaller sections, each with a healthy fan of leaves and a few roots.
- In the planting hole, mix in some compost or manure to enrich the soil and provide nutrients for the new plants.
Dividing iris plants is a crucial practice for maintaining their health, vigor, and abundant blooms. Over time, irises can become overcrowded and congested, which can hinder their growth and flowering. Splitting them rejuvenates the plants, promotes optimal health, and ensures a vibrant display of iris blooms in your garden.
Materials You’ll Need:
- Sharp knife or spade
- Garden gloves
- Compost or manure
- Trowel
- Watering can
When to Split Iris Plants:
The ideal time to split irises is in the early fall, after they have finished blooming. This allows the plants ample time to establish themselves before the harsh winter months.
Step-by-Step Instructions:
1. Dig Around the Iris Plant:
Using a spade or trowel, carefully dig around the iris plant to loosen the soil and expose the rhizomes.
2. Lift the Plant:
Gently lift the iris plant out of the ground, shaking off excess soil.
3. Separate the Rhizomes:
Using a sharp knife, divide the rhizomes into smaller sections, each with a healthy fan of leaves and a few roots.
4. Remove Dead or Diseased Parts:
Trim any dead or diseased rhizomes. Healthy rhizomes should be firm and have white or cream-colored roots.
5. Amend the Soil:
In the planting hole, mix in some compost or manure to enrich the soil and provide nutrients for the new plants.
6. Plant the Rhizomes:
Place the rhizomes in the planting hole, spacing them about 6-12 inches apart. The top of the rhizome should be slightly exposed above the soil surface.
7. Water Thoroughly:
Water the newly planted irises deeply to settle the soil and encourage root growth.
Benefits of Splitting Iris Plants:
- Promotes healthier, more vigorous plants
- Rejuvenates overcrowded iris clumps
- Ensures abundant blooms
- Prevents disease and rot
- Encourages better air circulation
Care After Splitting:
- Water the irises regularly, especially during the first few weeks after splitting.
- Fertilize the plants in the spring with a balanced fertilizer.
- Mulch around the irises to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Troubleshooting:
- Yellowing or wilting leaves: This can indicate overwatering or lack of nutrients. Check soil moisture and fertilize as needed.
- Lack of blooms: This can be caused by overcrowding, insufficient sunlight, or improper fertilization.
- Pests: Irises are susceptible to borers and iris weevils. Monitor your plants and treat any infestations promptly.
Top Questions Asked
Q: How often should I split iris plants?
A: Every 3-4 years or when the plants become overcrowded.
Q: Can I split irises in the spring?
A: Yes, but it is best to do so in the fall to give the plants more time to recover.
Q: How deep should I plant iris rhizomes?
A: The top of the rhizome should be slightly exposed above the soil surface.
Q: What is the best type of soil for irises?
A: Well-drained, slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6.5-7.0.
Q: Do irises need full sun?
A: Irises prefer full sun to partial shade.
